Container is the brick of globalization." – Marc Levinson, author of The Box
Why are there different types of containers?
As the benefits of containerization became apparent, different container types were envisioned for different purposes. Especially as a result of Malcolm McLean's long efforts, standards began to be formed.
The main reasons why there are different types of containers are;
Different Load Types: Each load requires a special type of transportation. For example, cooling for foodstuffs, sealing for liquids, or extra durability is required for heavy machinery.
Optimization and Efficiency: Containers specifically designed for the load can speed up loading and unloading.
Security: Special containers for transporting sensitive or dangerous substances ensure the safe transportation of these substances.
Cost Savings: Containers specially designed for the cargo provide cost savings in the long term by reducing damage that may occur during transportation.
Flexibility and Compatibility: Different container types can be compatible with different modes of transportation (road, rail, sea).
Volume and Size: Some goods need larger or smaller volume containers. Therefore, containers of different sizes are needed.
Special Needs: For example, special containers are needed for some agricultural products with ventilation (pressurization or exhaust) requirements.
Regulations and Standards: It is essential to use containers that comply with international regulations and standards for transporting some products.
Main Container types
Bx – Bulk Container
...
Gx – General Purpose / General Use Container
It forms the main backbone of Sea Transportation and Railway Transportation. It enables controllable quantities to be transported in high tonnages.
Hx - Insulated Container
Used for materials requiring thermal insulation.
Px – Platform Container
It is used for large, shapeless materials or equipment that cannot be transported in containers.
Platform
Flat Rack
Rx – Reefer - Refrigerated Container / Cooler Containers
It is indispensable for Cold Chain Management. It is used for products with high heat sensitivity.
Sx – Named Cargo Container / Special Purpose Containers
Containers specially designed for different purposes.
Tx – Tank Container / Tank Containers
It has an important place in Chemical Transportation and Food Logistics.
Ux - Open Top Container
Open top, usually for high loads.
Vx – Ventilated Container – Ventilated Container
With ventilation, usually for agricultural products.
Other Container Definitions (Some of them are defined in the above types.)
IMDG Container: Dangerous Goods
Dry Storage Container / Dry Cargo Containers: Used for Railway Transportation and Sea Transportation. It offers high tonnage capacity.
Double Doors Container: A type of container that opens at both ends.
Cargo Storage Roll Container: Multi-layered and generally used for textile products.
Side Open Storage Container: A type of container that is loaded by opening its sides.
Car Carriers: Specially designed for vehicle transportation.
Drum Container: It is barrel-shaped and generally used to transport liquid, powder, or granular loads.
Half Height Container: Usually for stones and heavy loads.
Open Side Container: The sides open, usually for wide loads.
Tunnel Container: Another type that opens at both ends.
Swap Body Container: Especially designed for land transportation.
Rolling Floor Container: With a roll floor for fast loading and unloading.
Intermediate Bulk Shift Container: For portable, liquid or granular cargo.
Special Purpose Container: Special designs for special loads.
High Cube Container: Height increased for more volume.
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